Solid State

Interplanar Spacing of Cubic Lattice Calculator

$begin mathsize 36px style d subscript h k l end subscript equals fraction numerator a over denominator square root of h squared plus k squared plus l squared end root end fraction end style$

d_hkl= Lattice Spacing ; a = Lattice Constant ; h , k , l = Miller Indices;

Miller Indices visualizer :Lattice Plane

$begin mathsize 48px style left parenthesis h k l right parenthesis end style$

h , k , l= Miller Indices ;

Borne Lande Equation Calculator

$begin mathsize 36px style U equals fraction numerator N subscript A M z to the power of plus z to the power of minus e squared over denominator 4 πε subscript straight o straight r end fraction open parentheses 1 minus 1 over n close parentheses end style$

U=Lattice Energy ; N_A= Avogadro Number ; M= Madelung Constant ; z⁺ & z^- = Charge on the Cation & the Anion;

e = Change of an electron; n= Born Exponent ; r =Inter ionicDistance; ε_o = Permitivity of free Space;

Bragg's Law Calculator

$begin mathsize 48px style n lambda equals 2 d subscript h k l end subscript sin theta end style$

n = An integer ; λ = Wavelength of the incident light ; d_hkl= Lattice Spacing ; θ = Angle of incidence ;

Interplanar Spacing of Tetragonal Lattice Calculator

$begin mathsize 36px style 1 over d squared equals fraction numerator h squared plus k squared over denominator a squared end fraction plus space l squared over c squared end style$

d= Interplanar Spacing ; h , k , l = Miller Indices; a ,c = Lattice Constants

Crystal Field Stabilisation Energy Calculator

$begin mathsize 48px style capital delta to the power of o equals 10 D q end style$

Radius Ratio of Ionic Crystals: Visualizer

$begin mathsize 48px style r subscript s m a l l end subscript over r subscript b i g end subscript end style$

r_smaller= Radius of the smaller ion (usually the Cation) ; r_bigger= Radius of the bigger ion (usually the Anion)