Kinetic Theory of Gas

Intensity and Absorbance

$begin mathsize 36px style A equals log open parentheses I subscript o over I close parentheses space end style$

A = Absorbance ; I_o= Intensity of the incident radiation ; I = Intensity of the transmitted radiation

Allowed rotational energy level of rigid diatomic molecule

$begin mathsize 36px style E subscript j equals fraction numerator h squared over denominator 8 straight pi squared straight I end fraction J left parenthesis J plus 1 right parenthesis end style$

E_j = Rotational energy Level; I= Moment of Inertia; J= Rotational quantum number ; h = Plank's constant

Beer -Lambert Law : Concentration, Path-length and Absorbance Calculator

$begin mathsize 48px style A equals epsilon c l end style$

A = Absorbance ; ε = Molar absorption coefficient , Molar absorptivity or Molar extinction coefficient ; c = Concentration ; l = Path Length

Beer -Lambert Law : Concentration, Path-length and Transmittance Calculator

$begin mathsize 48px style log open parentheses T close parentheses space equals space epsilon c l end style$

T= Transmittance ; ε = Molar Absorption Coefficient ; c = Concentration ; l = Path Length

Relative Population of rotational energy states : Boltzmann Distribution Calculator

$begin mathsize 36px style x equals e to the power of negative fraction numerator B. h. c. J left parenthesis J plus 1 right parenthesis over denominator K subscript B T end fraction end exponent space semicolon space space bevelled N subscript j over N subscript 0 equals x space end style$

N_J= Number of molecule in J state ; N₀ = Number of molecule in the ground state ( J= 0 ) ; K_B=Bolzmann Constant ; T = Temperature ; B = Rotational Constant; h = Plank Constant ; x=Relative Population; c = Velocity of light ; J = Rotational Quantum Number

Mass Spectroscopy Fragment Finder Calculator

$begin mathsize 36px style C subscript a H subscript b O subscript c N subscript d end style$

C_aH_bO_cN_d= Molecular Formula of Fragment ; a , b, c & d must be an positive integer or 0 (zero)

Use this calculator to predict the molecular fragment obtained in a Mass Spectra.

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